PlayerState
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| public class PlayerState
{
protected PlayerStateMachine stateMachine;
protected Player player;
protected Rigidbody2D rigidBody;
protected PlayerInput playerInput;
protected Animator animator;
protected PhysicsCheck physicsCheck;
private string animBoolName;
private string animTriggerName;
protected Vector2 inputXY;
public bool animFinTrigger;
public PlayerState(Player player,PlayerStateMachine stateMachine,string animBoolName, string animTriggerName)
{
this.player = player;
this.stateMachine = stateMachine;
this.animBoolName = animBoolName;
this.animTriggerName = animTriggerName;
}
public virtual void Enter()
{
Debug.Log("Enter"+animBoolName);
rigidBody = player.rigidBody;
animator = player.animator;
playerInput = player.playerInput;
physicsCheck = player.physicsCheck;
animFinTrigger = false;
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(animBoolName) && HasAnimatorParameter(animator, animBoolName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Bool))
{
animator.SetBool(animBoolName, true);
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(animTriggerName) && HasAnimatorParameter(animator, animTriggerName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Trigger))
{
animator.SetTrigger(animTriggerName);
}
}
public virtual void Exit()
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(animBoolName) && HasAnimatorParameter(animator, animBoolName, AnimatorControllerParameterType.Bool))
{
animator.SetBool(animBoolName, false);
}
Debug.Log("Exit" + animBoolName);
}
public virtual void LogicUpdate()
{
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
animator.SetBool("FacingRight", player.facingRight);
}
public virtual void PhysicsUpdate()
{
player.SetVelocity(inputXY);
}
private bool HasAnimatorParameter(Animator animator, string paramName, AnimatorControllerParameterType type)
{
foreach (var param in animator.parameters)
{
if (param.name == paramName && param.type == type)
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
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PlayerStateMachine
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| public class PlayerStateMachine
{
public PlayerState currentState { get; private set; }
public void Initialize(PlayerState startState)
{
currentState = startState;
currentState.Enter();
}
public void ChangeState(PlayerState newState)
{
currentState.Exit();
currentState = newState;
currentState.Enter();
}
}
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Player
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| public class Player : MonoBehaviour
{
[Header("组件")]
public PlayerStateMachine stateMachine { get; private set; }
public PlayerInputMap inputMap { get; private set; }
[Header("状态")]
#region
public PlayerIdleState idleState { get; private set; }
public PlayerMoveState moveState { get; private set; }
#endregion
[Header("运动参数")]
public float moveSpeed;
protected override void Awake()
{
base.Awake();
#region 初始化各种状态
stateMachine = new PlayerStateMachine();
idleState = new PlayerIdleState(this,stateMachine,"Idle");
moveState = new PlayerMoveState(this, stateMachine, "Move");
#endregion
inputMap = new PlayerInputMap();
}
protected override void Start()
{
stateMachine.Initialize(idleState);
inputMap.GamePlay.Dash.started += CheckDashInput;
}
private void OnEnable()
{
inputMap.Enable();
}
private void OnDisable()
{
inputMap.Disable();
}
protected override void Update()
{
if(dashCoolDown>0)
dashCoolDown -= Time.deltaTime;
stateMachine.currentState.LogicUpdate();
}
protected override void FixedUpdate()
{
stateMachine.currentState.PhysicsUpdate();
}
}
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获取玩家的输入
我们将获取玩家输入的逻辑写在PlayerState中，这样所有的子状态都能获取到玩家的输入
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| public class PlayerState
{
protected PlayerInput playerInput;
protected Vector2 inputXY;
public PlayerState(Player player, PlayerStateMachine stateMachine, string animBoolName)
{
this.player = player;
this.stateMachine = stateMachine;
this.animBoolName = animBoolName;
}
public virtual void Enter()
{
playerInput = player.playerInput;
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
animator.SetBool(animBoolName, true);
}
public virtual void LogicUpdate()
{
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
}
public virtual void PhysicsUpdate()
{
player.SetVelocity(inputXY);
}
public virtual void Exit()
{
animator.SetBool(animBoolName, false);
}
}
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实现角色移动和翻转
既然每个状态都能获取到玩家的输入，那么我们就把一系列控制移动的Player方法开放给PlayState，让State根据输入决定如何控制角色。
对于有特殊需求，比如需要接受冲刺，跳跃指令或者速度为0的状态，单独修改就好。
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| public void SetVelocity(Vector2 inputXY)
{
FlipController(inputXY.x);
rigidBody2D.velocity = new Vector2(moveSpeed * inputXY.x * Time.deltaTime, rigidBody2D.velocity.y);
}
public void SetZeroVelocity()
{
rigidBody2D.velocity = new Vector2(0, 0);
}
public void FlipController(float x)
{
if (x > 0.05 && !facingRight) { Debug.Log(x); Flip(); }
else if (x < -0.05 && facingRight) {Debug.Log(x); Flip(); };
}
public void Flip()
{
Debug.Log("Flip");
facingDir *= -1;
facingRight = !facingRight;
transform.Rotate(0, 180, 0);
}
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设计人物在地面移动的FSM
我设计的移动逻辑是这样的
- 当玩家输入>0.1，也就是轻推摇杆时，从Idle进入到Walk，播放走路动画，并且有一个起步的前摇
- 玩家走路途中松开摇杆就从Walk返回Idle，并且有一个停止的后摇
- 在Walk状态下如果大幅推摇杆，就从Walk进入到Run，并且Walk的前摇后摇都可以取消，直接进入Run
- Run的动画有一个起步的前摇，并且根据玩家朝向不同，分别有向左向右奔跑的动画
- Run的过程中如果松开摇杆，就进入到RunBreak状态，播放一个急停的动画
- 如果RunBreak动画播放完，就回到Idle状态
- 如果在RunBreak动画播放过程中往角色面朝方向反方向拉摇杆，就进入Turn状态
- Turn状态播放人物转向的动画，动画播放完回到Run状态，播放人物朝反方向跑的动画
具体实现
PlayerState基类
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| public class PlayerState
{
#region 组件
protected Rigidbody2D rigidBody2D;
protected Animator animator;
protected PlayerInput playerInput;
#endregion
protected Player player;
protected PlayerStateMachine stateMachine;
public bool animaFinTrigger;
private string animBoolName;
protected Vector2 inputXY;
public PlayerState(Player player, PlayerStateMachine stateMachine, string animBoolName)
{
this.player = player;
this.stateMachine = stateMachine;
this.animBoolName = animBoolName;
}
public virtual void Enter()
{
rigidBody2D = player.rigidBody2D;
animator = player.animator;
playerInput = player.playerInput;
animaFinTrigger = false;
Debug.Log("Enter: "+animBoolName);
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
animator.SetBool(animBoolName, true);
}
public virtual void LogicUpdate()
{
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
}
public virtual void PhysicsUpdate()
{
player.SetVelocity(inputXY);
}
public virtual void Exit()
{
animator.SetBool(animBoolName, false);
Debug.Log("Exit: " + animBoolName);
}
}
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Idle状态
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| public class PlayerIdleState : PlayerState
{
public PlayerIdleState(Player player, PlayerStateMachine stateMachine, string animBoolName) : base(player, stateMachine, animBoolName)
{
}
public override void Enter()
{
base.Enter();
}
public override void Exit()
{
base.Exit();
}
public override void LogicUpdate()
{
base.LogicUpdate();
if (Mathf.Abs(inputXY.x) > 0.1) stateMachine.ChangeState(player.walkState);
}
public override void PhysicsUpdate()
{
}
}
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Walk状态
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| public class PlayerWalkState : PlayerState
{
public PlayerWalkState(Player player, PlayerStateMachine stateMachine, string animBoolName) : base(player, stateMachine, animBoolName)
{
}
public override void Enter()
{
base.Enter();
}
public override void Exit()
{
base.Exit();
}
public override void LogicUpdate()
{
base.LogicUpdate();
if(Mathf.Abs(inputXY.x)<0.1)stateMachine.ChangeState(player.idleState);
else if(Mathf.Abs(inputXY.x) > 0.5) stateMachine.ChangeState(player.runState);
}
public override void PhysicsUpdate()
{
base.PhysicsUpdate();
}
}
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Run状态
Run状态比起码两个状态稍微复杂一些，主要是有前摇和左右两个跑动动画。前摇用一个ExitTime为1的动画即可，而左右跑动的切换，用一个空节点结合玩家的方向解决，为此需要在PlayerState中增加Animator中FacingRight参数的更新。
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| public virtual void LogicUpdate()
{
inputXY = playerInput.GamePlay.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
animator.SetBool("FacingRight", player.facingRight);
}
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RunBreak状态
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| public class PlayerRunBreakState : PlayerState
{
public PlayerRunBreakState(Player player, PlayerStateMachine stateMachine, string animBoolName) : base(player, stateMachine, animBoolName)
{
}
public override void Enter()
{
base.Enter();
}
public override void Exit()
{
base.Exit();
}
public override void LogicUpdate()
{
base.LogicUpdate();
if(inputXY.x<0 && player.facingRight) stateMachine.ChangeState(player.turnState);
else if(inputXY.x > 0 && !player.facingRight) stateMachine.ChangeState(player.turnState);
if (animaFinTrigger) stateMachine.ChangeState(player.idleState);
}
public override void PhysicsUpdate()
{
player.SetZeroVelocity();
}
}
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RunBreak状态的要点有两个
- 如何让动画播放完毕就转换到Idle状态
- 让玩家在RunBreak状态中保持静止
第二点只需要重写PhysicsUpdate方法就好。第三点可以用动画事件解决，新建一个类用于提供各种动画触发事件。注意这个类要和Animator组件挂载在同一个GameObject上，否则Animation添加事件时找不到这个类。
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| public class PlayerAnimationEvents : MonoBehaviour
{
private Player player;
private void Awake()
{
player = GetComponentInParent<Player>();
}
public void AnimationFlip()
{
player.Flip();
}
public void AnimationTrigger()
{
player.stateMachine.currentState.animaFinTrigger = true;
}
}
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为RunBreak的最后一帧挂载事件
Turn状态
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| public class PlayerTurnState : PlayerState
{
public PlayerTurnState(Player player, PlayerStateMachine stateMachine, string animBoolName) : base(player, stateMachine, animBoolName)
{
}
public override void Enter()
{
base.Enter();
}
public override void Exit()
{
base.Exit();
}
public override void LogicUpdate()
{
base.LogicUpdate();
if (animaFinTrigger) stateMachine.ChangeState(player.runState);
}
public override void PhysicsUpdate()
{
player.SetZeroVelocity();
}
}
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Turn状态主要有四个问题
- Turn的过程中同样需要保持静止，但是设置速度为0，就无法实现翻转，而当角色翻转时，她的方向应该和之前相反，所以，需要在Turn动画的开头第一帧执行一个Flip的Event。
- 根据方向不同播放左右两个转向动画，解决方法和Run状态的解决方法相同
- 如何让动画播放完毕就转换到Run状态，解决方法和RunBreak中解决方法相同
- 让Turn动画播放完后直接切换到Run的动画，跳过ToRun的前摇。解决方法是直接让TrunLeft与RunLeft相联，而不是连到Exit，这样当动画播放完毕，Trun为false，Run为true，动画状态机就直接转到Run的动画了。
